Clomiphene

It is a non-steroidal agent which stimulates ovulation in a high percentage of appropriately selected anovulatory women. It has no progestational, androgenic or antiandrogenic effects and does not appear to interfere with pituitary-adrenal or pituitary-thyroid functions. Promising results can be achieved in the subfertile males with oligospermia. Clomiphene can have gonad-stimulating effects on some men who have pituitary glands and testes that are potentially responsive. Endogenous gonadotrophin stimulation is produced in oligospermic males with normal or low gonadotrophin levels and testes biopsy showing mild germinal cell hypoplasia.

Indications

Female infertility, irregularly, ovulating women, menstrual cycle with a short luteal phase, oligomenorrhoea, dysfunctional, uterine bleeding, amenorrhoea, post pill amenorrhoea, stein-leventhal syndrome, Chiari Frommel syndrome. Men :-Oligospermia, asthenospermia.

Dosage

Women : 50 mg daily for 5 days starting on 5th day of menstrual cycle. If still no ovulation then 100 mg once daily for 5 days again on 5th day of next cycle. Max.: 200 mg during subsequet treatment cycle, till ovulation occurs,Max. 6 course. Men : 25 mg daily for 25 days (5 days rest period) for 6-9 months.

Contra-Indications

Liver dysfunction, abnormal bleeding of undetermined origin, neoplastic diseases of genital tract. Pregnancy.

Special Precautions

Exclude abnormal ovarian enlargement, exclude pregnancy.

Side Effects

Abdominal discomfort, ovarian enlargement, visual blurring, menopausal hot flushes, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, breast tenderness, heavier menses, intermenstrual spotting, urticaria, hair loss.

Drug Interactions

In combination with Gonadotropin, therapy must be carefully monitored.