A recent clinical consensus statement published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology describes COVID-19's substantial and long-term implications on cardiovascular health and makes guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. An expert team from throughout Europe, led by Professor Vassilios Vassiliou of the University of East Anglia and Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, wrote the study on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. 

The statement, which was released on September 18, 2025, summarises previous studies on COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease, including acute infection, long-term COVID, and vaccine effects. According to the authors, COVID-19 patients, particularly those who require hospitalisation, are more likely to suffer a heart attack, stroke, or death from cardiovascular disease. An estimated 100 million people worldwide are currently suffering from chronic COVID, with around 5 million reporting cardiac symptoms such as chest discomfort, shortness of breath, irregular heart rhythms, heart failure, exhaustion, and dizziness. 

The research recommends continuing COVID-19 vaccination, citing data that fully vaccinated people are less likely to have cardiac problems or long-term COVID. It also emphasises the value of systematic cardiac rehabilitation programs, such as specialised physiotherapy, for promoting recovery and avoiding long-term complications. Furthermore, the experts advocate for better and more fair access to these rehabilitation treatments, citing existing low capacity across Europe and considerable regional disparities. 

Context and Implications 

With approximately one billion confirmed COVID-19 infections worldwide—and potentially many more—the cardiovascular burden is a major public health concern. The report's goal is to reduce physician uncertainty and prevent patients from choosing unproven or hazardous treatments due to a lack of clear recommendations. 

Professor Vassiliou noted, "Covid doesn't just affect the lungs." It can also harm the heart and blood arteries during the acute illness and for several months thereafter. He emphasised the importance of health systems preparing for the ongoing burden of COVID-19-related cardiovascular problems by investing in services, supporting prevention programmes, and conducting additional research.