Clarithromycin

Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with protein synthesis. It is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including those that cause respiratory, skin, and soft tissue infections. It is a macrolide antibiotic with broad spectrum of activity.The mode of action is by binding to 50 S ribosomal unit and suppressing protein synthesis.

Indications

-Respiratory Infections: Pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinusitis. -Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Cellulitis and impetigo. -Helicobacter pylori Infection: In combination with other medications to treat ulcers caused by H. pylori. -Mycobacterial Infections: Prevention and treatment of certain mycobacterial infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.

Dosage

-Adults: Typically 250-500 mg taken every 12 hours, depending on the severity of the infection and the specific condition being treated. -Children: Dosage is weight-based and should be determined by a healthcare provider. -The duration of treatment varies depending on the type of infection.

Contra-Indications

-Known hypersensitivity to clarithromycin, other macrolide antibiotics, or any of its ingredients. -History of liver dysfunction associated with previous use of clarithromycin. -Concurrent use with drugs that can cause serious cardiac arrhythmias or prolonged QT interval.

Special Precautions

First trimester of Pregnancy. Paediatrics: Safety in children less than 6 months not established. Pregnancy: Contraindicated. Lactation: Safety not established. Elderly: Dose adjustment need in patient with impaired renal function.

Side Effects

-Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. -Less common but serious side effects can include liver problems, severe skin reactions, or cardiac arrhythmias. -Some patients may experience a metallic taste in their mouth while taking clarithromycin.

Drug Interactions

-Drugs that Prolong QT Interval: Co-administration with other drugs that can prolong QT interval may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. -CYP3A4 Substrates: Clarithromycin can inhibit the enzyme CYP3A4, potentially affecting the metabolism of other medications metabolized by this enzyme. -Other Interactions: Be aware of possible interactions with antiepileptic drugs, anticoagulants, statins, and other drugs.