Carbidopa and Benserazide

They are extra-cerebral dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors; they onot penetrate blood brain barrier and donot inhibit conversion of levodopa to Dopamine in brain. Administered along with levodopa, they increase its t1/2 in the periphery and make more of it available to cross blood brain barrier to reach its site of action. Benefits thus obtained are : a) Dose of levodopa is reduced to 1/4. b) Therapeutic doses of levodopa can be attained quickly. c)Cardiac complication are reduced. Carbidopa and Benserazide are medications used primarily in combination with levodopa to treat Parkinson's disease. They belong to the class of dopaminergic agents and help enhance the effectiveness of levodopa in the brain.

Indications

-Management of symptoms of Parkinson's disease, including tremors, stiffness, and slowness of movement -Parkinson’s disease and syndrome, patients not responding adequately to levodopa alone.

Dosage

Dosage varies based on individual patient response and the specific formulation prescribed. Typically, doses are adjusted gradually to achieve optimal therapeutic effect while minimizing side effects.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to Carbidopa, Benserazide, or any components of the formulation -Use of non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Special Precautions

-Monitor for signs of dyskinesia or other adverse reactions -Use with caution in patients with a history of cardiovascular or psychiatric disorders -Avoid abrupt withdrawal to prevent rebound symptoms

Side Effects

-Nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal disturbances -Hypotension -Psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations or confusion -Dyskinesias (involuntary movements)

Drug Interactions

-MAOIs and other medications affecting dopamine metabolism -Antipsychotics and certain antidepressants -Antihypertensive agents and drugs that affect blood pressure