Spironolactone

It is a potassium sparing diuretic having antihypertensive action similar to thiazides.

Indications

Hypertension, oedema due to CCF, hepatic cirrhosis or nephrotic syndrome, female hirsutism.

Dosage

Adults: 25-200 mg daily in single or divided doses. Children: 3.3 mg/kg/day.

Contra-Indications

Anuria, hyperkalaemia, severe or progressive renal failure, lactation, Addison’s disease.

Special Precautions

Pregnancy, periodic assessment of electrolytes. Renal & hepatic impairment. Prolong use in young patients, may cause hirsutism. Paediatrics: Not usually prescribed, reduce dose necessary. Pregnancy: May affect the developing foetus. Lactation: The drug passes into breast milk. Elderly: Reduced dose may be necessary.

Side Effects

Headache, drowsiness, mental confusion, ataxia, rash, gynaecomastia, G.I. upset.

Drug Interactions

Increases blood digoxin levels. Reduces effect of warfarin. Hyperkalaemia when given with potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, or ACE inhibitors.