Nevirapine

It is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1. It binds directly to reverse transcriptase and blocks the RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities by causing a disruption of the enzyme's catalytic site. The HIV-2 reverse transcriptase and human DNA polymerases (such as DNA polymerases a, b, g or d ) are not inhibited by nevirapine.

Indications

In combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

Dosage

200 mg tablet daily for the first 14 days(this lead in period should be used because it has been found to lessen the frequency of rash), followed by one 200mg tablet twice daily, in combination with antiretroviral agents.

Contra-Indications

Hypersensitivity.

Special Precautions

Severe, life-threatening skin reactions, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and hypersensitivity. Severe or life-threatenting hepatotoxicity, impaired renal and hepatic function, pregnancy, Lactation.

Side Effects

Rash and increases in liver function tests, hypersensitivity, mild to moderate, maculopapular erythematous cutaneous eruptions.

Drug Interactions

Rifampin/Rifabutin, Ketoconazole, Oral contraceptives, Methadone.